Railroads of New Jersey by Lorett Treese

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Railroads of New Jersey by Lorett Treese
Railroads of New Jersey by Lorett Treese
Fragments of the past in the Garden State landscape
Soft Cover
228 pages
Copyright 2006
CONTENTS
Preface ix
SECTION ONE: Delaware River Region
Great Railways of the Region
The Pennsylvania Railroad Company 2
Rail Stories of the Region
The Camden and Amboy 5
The Delaware and Raritan Canal 11
The Camden and Amboy's Monopoly 13
John Bull 15
The Philadelphia and Trenton 16
The Delaware and Bound Brook 17
Three Englishmen Travel through Jersey 18
Local Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society 20
The Region's Railroad Giants
Robert Field Stockton 21
Robert Livingston Stevens 22
Edwin Augustus Stevens 23
Benjamin Fish 23
Isaac Dripps 23
Sampling the Region's Railroad History
The PATCO Speedline 24
The RiverLlNE 26
The PJ&B, or Dinky 28
Trenton's Railroad Heritage 30
Pemberton 33
Long-A-Coming Berlin 36
Lorett Treese Travels 37
The Region's Rail Trails 43
SECTION TWO: Skylands Region
Great Railways of the Region
The Central Railroad of New Jersey 50
The Lehigh Valley Railroad 53
Rail Stories of the Region
The Morris Canal 57
The Bel-Del 59
The Warren Railroad 61
The Sussex Railroad 62
The Lehigh and Hudson River Railway 63
The New York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad 65
Mark Twain Travels 66
Local Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society 67
The Region's Railroad Giants
John I. Blair 68
Ashbel Welch 69
John Taylor Johnston 70
Sampling the Region's Railroad History
The Black River & Western Railroad 71
Railfan Sites in Phillipsburg 74
The Whippany Railway Museum 80
Northlandz in Flemington 82
Clinton Station Diner 85
Lorett Treese Travels 85
The Region's Rail Trails 90
SECTION THREE: Gateway Region
Great Railways of the Region
The Pennsy in Northern Jersey 98
The New York Central on the Western Shore 102
The Lackawanna, the Erie, and the Erie Lackawanna 105
Rail Stories of the Region
Hoboken, Castle Point, and John Stevens's Demonstration Railroad 109
The Paterson and Hudson River Railroad 110
The Morris and Essex Railroad 112
The Locomotives of Paterson 113
Joel Cook Travels 116
Local Chapters of the National Railway Historical Society 117
The Region's Railroad Giants
John Stevens 117
William Gibbs McAdoo 119
Thomas Rogers 120
Sampling the Region's Railroad History
PATH 120
The Newark City Subway 122
NJ TRANSIT 123
Secaucus Junction 124
Hudson-Bergen Light Rail 126
Maywood Station 127
The Union Model Railroad Club 128
Lorett Treese Travels 130
The Region's Rail Trails 139
SECTION FOUR: Shore Region
Great Railways of the Region
The Central Railroad of New Jersey's Southern Division 142
Rail Stories of the Region
The New York & Long Branch 144
The Raritan & Delaware Bay 146
The Tuckerton Railroad and Its Artifacts 147
Catherine Drinker Bowen Travels 149
The Region's Railroad Giants
James Buckelew 150
Jay Gould 151
George Jay Gould 152
Sampling the Region's Railroad History
Riding the Rails at the North Jersey Shore: Present and Future 153
A Small Museum in Ocean Gate 154
The Pine Creek Railroad in the Park 155
Locomotives Underwater 157
Lorett Treese Travels 158
The Region's Rail Trails 164
PREFACE
While researching my book on the railroads of Pennsylvania, I realized that I was telling only half of a fascinating story on railroad transportation in the Mid-Atlantic states. Most entrepreneurs constructing railroads in Pennsylvania in the nineteenth century wanted their freight and passengers to reach New York City as well as Philadelphia, because New York was growing faster and had a fine port through which merchandise could be shipped elsewhere. Conversely, farmers and businesspeople in New Jersey with products to sell or a resort to promote wanted to make residents of Pennsylvania their customers. So I decided to follow up my book Railroads of Pennsylvania: Fragments of the Past in the Keystone Landscape with a volume on the development and fate of rail transportation in New Jersey.
New Jersey holds a special place in American railroad history: It was the home of John Stevens, sometimes called the "Father of American Railroads." Stevens earned his reputation by publishing a groundbreaking pamphlet titled Documents Tending to Prove the Superior Advantages of Rail-Ways and Steam-Carriages over Canal Navigation. This concept became abundantly evident during the nineteenth century, but Stevens expressed it in 1812, a time when America had few canals and no long-distance railroads with which to compare them. Stevens wrote that he expected to be "stigmatized as a visionary projector," so, near his estate in Hoboken, New Jersey, he constructed America's first operating steam demonstration railroad, just to show the world it could be done.
By the 1820s and 1830s, railroads were springing up all over the eastern United States, where they transported agricultural products and natural resources to urban consumers, as well as manufactured goods and machinery to rural areas. Railroads opened markets and encouraged the development of unsettled areas. They linked Americans residing in distant regions, helping to truly unite our new nation. They also provided opportunities for many another American visionary, giving ambitious men a way to make a living-or a fortune.
Like America's other railroads, those operating in New Jersey saw a decline in freight and passenger business through much of the twentieth century, but today that is changing. Freight is moving smartly over rails in New Jersey, and new passenger lines are being opened, perhaps more rapidly in this state than any other.
I've lived all my life in the Keystone State, but like many other Pennsylvanians, I've spent a lot of time across the Delaware River. An aunt and two uncles lived in Elizabeth before they retired to Lakewood, and on holidays, we'd meet them halfway to dine in restaurants in Princeton or Stockton. My dad built a vacation home in Stone Harbor, across the street from its famous bird sanctuary, where we retreated just about every weekend except during the summer, when we rented the house to other Pennsylvanians. I still like the Jersey coast and its shore towns best in the dead of winter.
This volume is not intended to be a comprehensive history of transportation in New Jersey, nor does it provide complete information on every railroad that ever operated in this state. Railroads of New Jersey: Fragments of the Past in the Garden State Landscape is part history and part travel guide, intended to place the state's railroads and railroad artifacts in historical context. The word "fragments" in its subtitle is from the science fiction time-travel classic Time and Again by Jack Finney, who describes New York's vintage buildings and neighborhoods as "fragments still remaining ... of days which once lay out there as real as the day lying out there now: still-surviving fragments of a clear April morning of 1871, a gray winter afternoon of 1840, a rainy dawn of 1793."
The text consists of short essays organized into six sections, roughly corresponding to the regions of the Garden State as defined by the New Jersey Commerce, Economic Growth and Tourism Commission (the official travel guide published by this agency lists accommodations and other attractions in the same regions). For the convenience of travelers, I wrote the text so that they could open the book anywhere and start reading.
In each section, "Great Railways of the Region" includes brief histories of the major railroads associated with the region-how they were organized, how they grew, and what happened to them-as well as the names of museums and historical societies that interpret their history. "Rail Stories of the Region" presents various tidbits and footnotes of railroad history, plus information on local chapters of the National Railway Historical Society, whose members often are actively involved in rail heritage preservation. "The Region's Railroad Giants" gives brief biographies of those who made their names or fortunes from the region's railroads and related enterprises. "Sampling the Region's Railroad History" offers information on operating railroads, museums, tourist railroads, and other places readers can go to find railroad artifacts. "The Region's Rail Trails" provides information on the state of rail trail construction in the area. Full citations for published histories of railroads from which material is quoted appear in the Bibliography.
I am grateful to all those who helped me research and write this book. My husband, Mat Treese, accompanied me on all my rail heritage treks and enriched my research with his own observations and the perspective of a businessman who is also a scholar. The staff and collections of the Mariam Coffin Canaday Library at Bryn Mawr College were tremendously helpful, particularly the patient members of the interlibrary loan department. I also thank the staff at the Hagley Museum and Library. Finally, I thank Stackpole Books, my editor, Kyle Weaver, and associate editor, Amy Cooper, for the opportunity to continue studying and sharing America's rich railroad history.
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